Idhaya – Engineering & Technology Blog, Industrial & Mechanical Engineering Information

Safety engineers in the oil and gas industries have to determine the best way to keep fuel supplies going in order to keep the economy functioning. Finally, mechanical engineers who work in industries like the pharmaceutical and bio-pharmaceutical sectors do work that can make the lives of customers much better. For those interested in finding the ideal mechanical engineering job, consulting with Quanta Consultancy Services is a great first step.

Quanta started out as a specialty recruiting agency for finance and telecommunications company in need of information technology professionals. Over the last fifteen years, Quanta has expanded its recruiting capabilities and roster of hiring companies. This agency, with a staff full of recruiting and training experience, can connect experienced mechanical engineers and new graduates with mechanical engineering degrees with jobs that match their professional aspirations. Quanta also takes into consideration whether an employee wants a temporary, contract position or a more career-oriented permanent position. Finally, Quanta looks at the personal preferences of its recruits and tries to match them with the hiring requirements of its roster of companies.

A new graduate looking for a mechanical engineering job may get placed as a contract engineer with a chemical plant during a particularly busy time of year. In this way, mechanical engineer aspirants can learn the ropes on the job while providing a service to their employers on a contract basis. As well, they can see their engineering education put into practical usage and the rewards that come from hard work. If this new graduate wants to move from contract to permanent positions, Quanta can help prepare them for this career step. Mechanical engineers, like many other types of Quanta recruits, can benefit greatly from the QuantaSensus training suite. With the resource management, organization, and communication tools acquired during these sessions, young professionals can flourish in the mechanical engineering field. While employees benefit greatly from these services, companies in a variety of industrial sectors also receive the benefit of a better prepared work force.

Software Engineering is an application of approaches that are disciplined, systematic, and quantifiable. These approaches are then applied to the software and its study’s maintenance, operation and development.

Software engineering essay are technical in nature. It is simply the name of “application of engineering to software”. The Software Engineering essay becomes more interesting if, it is written on any of the six phases that are involved in Software Engineering studies: 

Requirement Analysis Design Coding Testing Deployment

The essay topic for Software engineering must be of interest of the student. It is a very important factor in writing a successful essay. First three phases of software engineering are more theoretical based, so, they can be best selection for a software engineering essay topic. The data collection and data organization are relatively easy in these phases. Coding, testing and deployment are more practical based phases of IT. So, they can be great for research findings section.

An essay is technically sectioned in three parts: an introduction, body, and conclusion. But, for a technical type essay, one has to include research findings and references in an essay. Because, software engineering is a branch of computer science, one has to use more technical information.

  Topic sentence must be written at the top stating the main subject area of an essay. A topic sentence is usually written to illustrate the main theme of writing an essay. After topic sentence, an introduction paragraph must be written to deliver the problem and the possible solutions for it. Body must comprise of multiple paragraphs that not only states the problem but also, include the solutions and research findings for it.

The conclusion paragraph must be able to conclude the discussion being debated in the whole essay. The possible solutions must be stated again, but no new ideology should be inserted here.

Overall the essay has to be error free, and it must be proofread before submission

Would you like to make “I’m a rambling wreck from Georgia Tech and a heck of a heck of an engineer” a reality in your life? Have you always enjoyed tinkering around with cars and figuring out what made stuff work? Does being a team player developing products that are the cutting edge of technology appeal to you? Then automotive engineering might be the career for you.

Generally, an automotive engineer is one who works on the design or manufacture of automobiles. The word design is slightly misleading since an automotive designer is a stylist basically concerned with the appearance of the automobile while the engineer specializes in the performance of the automobile and its components.

The engineer works on developing new or improved structural parts, engines, transmissions and suspension systems. The engineer is involved in production cost estimation, reduction of production costs and implementing cost/quality control improvements. The engineer must be sure that the product meets all federal regulations. In the case of new designs, it is the engineer who determines driveability.

According to the U.S. Department of Labor Dictionary of Occupational Titles, automotive engineering is a sub-specialty of mechanical engineering.

Even though the automotive manufacturing industry is in a slump at this time, there is still a demand for engineers due to the current focus on fuel economy and alternate fueled vehicles. The field is expected to grow as fast as average through 2014.

While there are global opportunities for automotive engineers in countries as far flung as Malaysia and the United Kingdom, most jobs within the US are centered in the Midwest since that is the major location of the auto industry. The big three employers in the United States are Ford, General Motors and Daimler-Chrysler.

The working environment is a combination of office and on site. The entry-level salary starts at around $48,000 annually and a Bachelor of Science degree is required. In addition to the degree, the engineer should have excellent communication skills, strong troubleshooting skills and the ability to work as part of a team.

As with any engineering degree, the choice of a college is crucial. While all engineering colleges are selective, the better and the best are even more so.

One characteristic you need to look for in a college is the quality of instruction. Are all the classes taught by professional teachers and not graduate assistants? Do these teachers have industry connections? Is simulation and hands-on an integral part of the program?

Does the college offer internships or work study opportunities? Internships and work-study are very important as they offer a path to instant employment upon graduation. The same is true of having instructors with industry connections. It also doesn’t hurt to consider a college that offers advanced degrees in the event you decide to go further than a bachelor’s degree.

To ensure admission to the college of choice, a high school graduate should have a high GPA with a strong background in calculus, advanced math, statistics, physics, chemistry and geometry. Vocational classes in automotive mechanics are also helpful. It will also be necessary to score high on whatever college admissions test the school requires as the admissions committee will base their decision on both your high school record and admissions test scores.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

Academic Options

For pursuing the career of software engineer one requires academic qualification and degrees. In fact there are two avenues open to anyone for getting such degrees. First one is the regular university degrees while the second one is online degrees . One can become computer software engineer with a regular degree obtained studying in a university or if he or she does not have the time, or are in a job, can obtain studying online. Fortunately for such people there are numerous online universities that offer such online degrees. Only note of caution is that before opting for one of the online institutions for studying computer software courses, a little homework is imperative for the aspirant who wishes to pursue the computer software engineer career.

Job of Software Engineer

Primary task of the software engineer is analyzing the requirements of the users. Once they analyze the requirements of the users, they would proceed on to designing, construction, testing, and maintain of the required software and the systems. In course of programming they tell the computer, almost verbatim, the way of functioning. In the process they also solve all the problems.

Characteristics for Good Software Engineer

A good software engineer needs to be very strong in coding capabilities. Such things are necessary for developing effective algorithm and problem resolution through writing codes. In addition they require vision and innovative capabilities since most often they require to design new hardware as well as software or even an entire system. Another very important aspect of the job of software engineer is qualitative maintenance of the system that is already in place.

Computer Software Engineer Types

Very often the computer software engineer salary will depend on the job type. Mainly there are two types of engineers. One of them is the computer software applications engineer while the other is the computer system software engineers. Main task of the former is construction, designing and maintenance of computer programs while of the later is construction and maintenance of the program for an organization that could include setting up of Internet.

Experience, skill, qualifications, and type of job entrusted will mainly decide the salaries to be paid to the computer software engineer.

For UK chemical engineers, the worldwide market is predominantly focused on the oil and gas and petrochemical industries with comparative consistent demand for engineers with both on and offshore experience to work in areas such as the Middle East, Africa, Caspian Regions and Western Europe.

Other active industries for Expat engineers are in the pharmaceutical and life science sectors – but indications suggest that demand is from isolated areas such as Singapore, Scandinavia and the Benelux regions.

Overseas work for UK engineers is available on both a contract and permanent basis – and it is the nature of this work that is all covered within this rough guide.

How do I know I have the necessary skills?

From a professional perspective industry knowledge and experience – specifically in the Oil and Gas sector, is the most important skill requirement. Traditionally, UK engineers have been very highly respected for their qualifications and trusted by clients to complete a job efficiently and effectively.

Generally, previous overseas work is desirable (inducing a Catch 22 situation) but with solid, relevant UK experience a UK engineer will still be in demand for employment overseas.

Qualifications and industry experience are necessary traits for an Expat engineer, but language skills are not essential. Professional capability is only half of the picture, as it takes a particular type of person to fit into the lifestyle of work overseas. It is great to have a sense of adventure, but working abroad requires much more than this. You should think long and hard about whether this is the right move for you or not.

Benefits of working overseas

Apart from the raised profile of going to work overseas, there are some other very real benefits. For most engineers, the most significant is the opportunity to get involved in the operational side of things and get out of the design office. A good deal of overseas contract work, particularly in the oil and gas sector, requires site visits and a hands-on management approach that is often not possible working in the UK.

There is also the potential for significantly higher pay rates to be negotiated. Expatriate engineers can command a pay rate premium, which can also be further escalated if the project location is classed as a hardship area, such as Nigeria and Iraq, where there may be personal risk involved.

A final key benefit is that of the experience of the assignment itself. The ability to come into contact with different cultures and nationalities and broaden ones knowledge is a key determinant in attracting contractors to work overseas.

Pitfalls to look out for when considering overseas work

Generally, there is a misconception that all work overseas includes tax-free pay. In fact, there are only a handful of countries where pay is completely tax-free and very often there is a liability to local taxation. The majority of countries will enforce some kind of taxation structure, but this varies from country to country, and in the case of the USA from state to state.

As regards UK tax liability, the basic ruling is that UK Expatriates can only spend 90 days in the UK in any one tax year to preserve their status as “non-resident” for tax purposes.

There are other general considerations to working abroad that should be thought about as well – including: work place climate, hardship locations, and how being away from home will impact on family life. Adequate research through speaking to colleagues, consulting with a recruitment agency, and investigating yourself using online resources will all help to build a picture of whether an assignment or location is suitable for you.

Services an agency can offer

Securing work overseas is a more complicated process to finding a suitable contract in the UK. There are a number of reputable recruitment agencies in the UK that have active overseas recruitment teams and solid experience of providing international recruitment solutions to worldwide clients.

When you work through a recruitment agency on an overseas placement, additional services, such as insurances, healthcare and in-country orientation can be expected on top of the standard placement service.

Overseas employment can be an excellent experience for the well-prepared engineer. Having both a certain sense of adventure and conducting adequate research are prerequisites for experiencing an enjoyable and rewarding placement; and contacting a reputable agency to locate suitable opportunities is a good first step in achieving this.

        Disability is a complex phenomenon, reflecting an interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he or she lives. An individual may also qualify as disabled if he/she has had impairment in the past or is seen as disabled based on a personal or group standard or norm. Such impairments may include physical, sensory, and cognitive or developmental disabilities.

         Disability is considered as a problem of the person, directly caused by disease, trauma, or other health condition which therefore requires sustained medical care provided in the form of individual treatment by professionals. In the medical model, management of the disability is aimed at a “cure,” or the individual’s adjustment and behavioral change that would lead to an “almost-cure” or effective cure. The aim of the disability management & engineering is to rehabilitate these individuals at his/her medical & social fitment.

       Mechanical Engineering contributes to the service of Rehabilitation in the application of Bio-medical Engineering. Generally the Bio-mechanical engineering comprises of application of physics & material science in the aspect of Biological science. Bio-mechanical engineering spread its wings in the field of prosthetic & orthotics, tissue engineering, bio-material science, gait analysis, surgery & implantation, artificial organs, bio-instrumentation (diagnostic & therapeutic), bio-design (CAD/CAM), bio-mechanical simulation (ANSYS/MIMICS), bio-composites & bio-polymers etc.

       Prosthesis & orthotics are basically the mechanical devices providing the external or internal support to the subjects with bio-mechanical disability. The design & manufacturing needs the utmost study of mechanics & kinematics. Material study helps to proper selection & evaluation of the material used in this process. Finite element analysis is a widely used theory in the mechanical solutions. Human anatomy constitutes of different mechanical joints. The orthopaedical biomechanics indicates the mechanical responses in the endo-skeletal system.

       To study the biomechanical properties of human anatomy we can utilize the FEA techniques. It envisions the solution region of human anatomy with the irregular geometry, into some small, discrete & interrelated particles of standard & regular geometry. Avoiding the tedious solution model we can study the biomechanical responses of human bones & joints through the GUI of different FEA software. ANSYS, ABAQUS & MIMICS are used for the modeling of bones & joints with higher accuracy of anatomy. Pathological gait may reflect compensations for underlying pathologies, or be responsible for causation of symptoms in itself.

        The study of gait allows these diagnoses to be made, as well as permitting future developments in rehabilitation engineering. Aside from clinical applications, gait analysis is widely used in professional sports training to optimize and improve athletic performance. A medical device is intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, A pump for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, an example of a biomedical engineering application of mechanical & electrical engineering to medical equipment. Some examples include pacemakers, infusion pumps, the heart-lung machine, dialysis machines, artificial organs, implants, artificial limbs, corrective lenses, cochlear implants, ocular prosthetics, facial prosthetics, somato prosthetics, and dental implants.

Stereolithography is a practical example of medical modeling being used to create physical objects. Beyond modeling organs and the human body, emerging engineering techniques are also currently used in the research and development of new devices for innovative therapies, treatments, patient monitoring, and early diagnosis of complex diseases.

The power of automobile engine largely depends upon the rate of incoming and outgoing flow of air. However, every intake system has its own restriction and limits the horsepower of engine and torque. What can be done to improve the engine performance of your automobile?

Air filters are inexpensive options that can enhance potential of your automobiles so that they can deliver the desired performance. Replacing a high capacity air filter can only cleans the stocked cleaner air inside the engine but also improves the overall capacity of your automobile as well.

The unique and high-performance HKS air filter helps in maintaining the right balance of air filtration and increased airflow for enjoying better performance.

Why HKS air filters?

HKS air filter is an effective device that removes contaminants such as dust, pollen, mold and bacteria from air. They are among most sought-after automobile components that people use worldwide to improve the performance of their automobiles. To get the best results, you should replace you air filter after every 50,000 kms. If you are thinking that one air filter can serve you long then you are wrong. You need to get it replaced after every six months to enjoy quality performance.

By using HKS Super Mega Flow Reloaded intakes into your car, you can realize a dramatic change in reducing performance restriction caused by factory air boxes. The filter assembly of this new developed air filter is based on the same patented Super Funnel design that has been a trademark of the company. From the previous generation, the design has been used and known for its performance. In addition to the patented designs, the air filter has other technical features including:

- Advanced Filter cage allowing 30% more intake surface area

- Additional aluminum back plate for strengthening engine capacity

- A reliable sealing ring that eliminates entry of contaminants into the automobile engine

- Three layers density dry filter element

Some people said that the air filter needs to be change for every 50,000 KM. So does your car has already exceeded this mileage or nearly to? It is time to shop around to look for the best auto parts that offer the good deal of the air filter. One thing for sure, don’t ever let the dust and dirt that will spoil your engine. You need to make sure that your Air filter is working all the time in order to prevent any destruction of your engine.

The history of automobile industry began in the early 1769, with the inventor Nicolas J. Cugnot who French engineer was found out the first vehicle that run on roads. This automobile was steam powered, three wheeled military tractor. This vehicle had a small range of distance covering capacity, which could run only for a maximum of fifteen minutes. They also required a sufficient starting time. However they were not fit to run on roads due to the bulk load of the steam engines. The steam engine driven automobile was first designed by Oliver Evans in the US.

Internal combustion engine based car powered by fuel gas came into existence in the year 1806. In 1838, Scotsman Robert Davidson invented the first electric locomotive that run on an average speed of 4 miles per hour.

Lack of fuels discouraged the manufacture of combustion engine based automobiles. Then the internal combustion engine automobile which used oxygen and hydrogen mixture came into existence with the Swiss engineer Francois Isaac de Rivaz. Later, automobiles which run on hydrogen came into existence in 1826.

The first man to produce automobiles was Karl Benz in Germany in the year 1888 under license from Benz. How ever the Duryea motor wagon company was invented by brothers Charles and Frank Duryea.

By 1990 various national automobile industries emerged in countries like Belgium, Germain and Nagant. With that the export industries started their work in Paris, cars and trucks were exported to other countries like Tunisia, Egypt and Iran. Though, there were breakdowns, fuel was not sufficient. Proper roads to run cars were very less. Later after 1960, automobile industry seemed more integrated with high technologies, where Japan was a serious car producing country.  

The major change after that was the design of automobiles with safety means. More safety and security features came into existence after 1960. By 1964, the most famous Pony car was manufactured, which is known as Ford Mustang of the present era. More other cars were manufactured after that.

The only country to dominate the automobile industry in the history was the US, with no recognized competitors.

However, other automobile industries from countries like Japan and other European nations which are known as technologically advanced countries started with their momentum slowly and increased their automobile industry productions after the Second World war in 1945. Within short time, the US automobile industry was piled up with the foreign automobiles of Japan and Germany.

The automobile trends reveal one thing clearly that, in the developed countries like US, the production of automobiles is stagnating due to global depression and fall of car markets. The global economic crises on the other hand, led to the complete halt to the production of cars with the reducing car buying demands. Many countries switched to more economical fuel saving cars in this period. Whereas, in developing countries like India and Brazil, the increase as well as the demand in the automobile production owing to the domestic needs is gaining popularity which is the key factor for its growth.